Setup Environment (GCC, Dev-C++)

What You Need to Write C Programs

To write and run C programs, you need two things:

1. A Text Editor or IDE — Where you write your C code (source code)
2. A C Compiler — Converts your C code into machine language (executable)

The most popular C compiler is GCC (GNU Compiler Collection) — it's free, open-source, and available on all platforms.

Setup on Windows (Dev-C++)

Method 1: Dev-C++ (Easiest for Beginners)

Dev-C++ is a free IDE that includes the MinGW GCC compiler. One installer, ready to go.

1. Go to: https://sourceforge.net/projects/orwelldevcpp/
2. Click Download and run the installer
3. Accept all defaults during installation
4. Open Dev-C++ → File → New → Source File
5. Write your C code → Save as hello.c
6. Press F9 or click Execute → Compile & Run

Method 2: Code::Blocks (Recommended)

1. Go to: http://www.codeblocks.org/downloads/binaries/
2. Download: codeblocks-XX.XXmingw-setup.exe (the one with mingw in name — this includes the compiler)
3. Run installer → select Full installation
4. Open Code::Blocks → File → New → Empty File → Save as hello.c
5. Write code → Press F9 to Build and Run

Setup on Linux (Terminal + GCC)

GCC is usually pre-installed on Linux. Check with:

gcc --version

If not installed, install it:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gcc

Write a C file, then compile and run:

nano hello.c          # Write your C code
gcc hello.c -o hello  # Compile: creates 'hello' executable
./hello               # Run the program

VS Code Setup (Best for Long-Term Use)

Step 1: Install VS Code

Download from https://code.visualstudio.com/ — free for all platforms.

Step 2: Install C/C++ Extension

1. Open VS Code → click Extensions icon (left sidebar)
2. Search: C/C++
3. Install the extension by Microsoft

Step 3: Install GCC (Windows)

1. Download MinGW-w64 from: https://winlibs.com/
2. Extract and add the bin folder to your system PATH
3. Verify: open Command Prompt → type gcc --version

Step 4: Compile via Terminal in VS Code

gcc hello.c -o hello -Wall  # -Wall shows all warnings
./hello                      # Linux/Mac
hello.exe                    # Windows

Your First Compilation – Step by Step

Let's write, save, compile and run your first C program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    printf("Hello, World!\n");
    return 0;
}

The compilation process has 4 stages:

1. Preprocessing — handles #include and #define
2. Compilation — converts C to assembly code
3. Assembly — converts assembly to machine code (object file)
4. Linking — links libraries and creates final executable

All 4 steps happen automatically when you run gcc hello.c -o hello.

Summary

• You need a compiler (GCC) and an editor/IDE to write C
• Beginners: use Dev-C++ or Code::Blocks on Windows
• Online practice: use OnlineGDB.com (no installation)
• Professional setup: VS Code + GCC
• Linux users: GCC is usually pre-installed or sudo apt install gcc
• Compile command: gcc filename.c -o outputname